mongodb快速使用

安装

node 实例: 使用 express 和 mongoose 实现简单的文章管理 API

初始化项目

bash

npm init -y

依赖安装

bash

npm i express@latest cors mongoose

数据建模

import mongoose from "mongoose"

const Article = mongoose.model(
    "Article",
    new mongoose.Schema({
        title: { type: String },
    })
)

增删改查 API 实现

获取列表

app.get("/articles", async (req, res) => {
    const article = await Article.find()
    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "get article list",
        data: article,
    })
})

根据 id 获取详情

app.get("/articles/:id", async (req, res) => {
    const id = req.params.id
    const article = await Article.findById(id)
    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "get article by id",
        data: article,
    })
})

创建文章

app.post("/articles", async (req, res) => {
    const body = req.body

    const article = await Article.create({
        title: body.title,
    })

    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "create article",
        data: article,
    })
})

编辑文章

app.put("/articles/:id", async (req, res) => {
    const id = req.params.id
    const body = req.body

    const article = await Article.findById(id)
    article.title = body.title
    await article.save()

    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "update article",
        data: article,
    })
})

删除文章

app.delete("/articles/:id", async (req, res) => {
    const id = req.params.id
    await Article.deleteOne({ _id: id })

    // 或者可以使用以下方法进行删除
    // const article = await Article.findById(id)
    // await article.remove()

    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "delete article",
    })
})

完整代码

import cors from "cors"
import express from "express"
import mongoose from "mongoose"

const app = express()
app.use(express.json())
app.use(cors())

try {
    await mongoose.connect("mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/mongodb-test")
}
catch (error) {
    console.error("error:数据库连接失败\n", error)
}

const Article = mongoose.model(
    "Article",
    new mongoose.Schema({
        title: { type: String },
    })
)

app.get("/articles", async (req, res) => {
    const article = await Article.find()
    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "get article list",
        data: article,
    })
})

app.get("/articles/:id", async (req, res) => {
    const id = req.params.id
    const article = await Article.findById(id)
    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "get article by id",
        data: article,
    })
})

app.post("/articles", async (req, res) => {
    const body = req.body

    const article = await Article.create({
        title: body.title,
    })

    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "create article",
        data: article,
    })
})

app.put("/articles/:id", async (req, res) => {
    const id = req.params.id
    const body = req.body

    const article = await Article.findById(id)
    article.title = body.title
    await article.save()

    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "update article",
        data: article,
    })
})

app.delete("/articles/:id", async (req, res) => {
    const id = req.params.id
    await Article.deleteOne({ _id: id })
    res.send({
        success: true,
        message: "delete article",
    })
})

const port = 3000
app.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`http://localhost:${port}`)
})

查看运行情况

可以使用 vscode 插件 rest client 来测试接口运行情况，以下是我本地接口测试文件。如果你要在本地测试，可以将 66ae4047563fa3933c1b38ba 改成真实的查询列表里的某一个文章的 id 即可

提醒

rest client 这个插件在我的博客里有介绍，可以移步 rest client 插件使用了解其基础使用方法

测试代码

http

@uri=http://localhost:3000

### 获取文章列表
GET {{uri}}/articles

### 创建文章
POST {{uri}}/articles
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "title": "添加文章标题"
}

### 根据id获取文章
GET {{uri}}/articles/66ae4047563fa3933c1b38ba

### 编辑文章
PUT {{uri}}/articles/66ae4047563fa3933c1b38ba
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "title": "编辑文章标题"
}

### 删除文章
DELETE {{uri}}/articles/66ae4047563fa3933c1b38ba